أعراض اضطراب الشخصية الحدية

أعراض اضطراب الشخصية الحدية

أعراض اضطراب الشخصية الحدية

أعراض اضطراب الشخصية الحدية، يعاني الشخص المصاب باضطراب الشخصية الحدية ( BPD ) من عدة أعراض، تتصل في قاعدتها على نشاط زائد في اللوزة الدماغية، وهى المسؤلة عن معالجة المشاعر والدلالات العاطفية، كما أثبتت علوم الأعصاب منحنى آخر منخفضا يحدث في القشرة المخية، وهي مركز التحكم في العواطف.

صورة بالرنين المغناطيسي للوزة الدماغية اليسرى – الشخصية الجدية

محتويات المقالة

ما هو اضطراب الشخصية الحدية؟

اضطراب الشخصية الحدية هو مرض عقلي خطير، يعكس صورة مشوهة لدى الشخص عن نفسه، ويؤثر في طريقة تفكيره وشعوره، مما يؤدي إلى مشاكل تمنعه عن أداء المهام اليومية بشكل سليم، ويمتد تأثيره إلى ما هو أبعد من ذلك. وكما قلنا أنه متصل بقاعدة من النشاط المضطرب بين اللوزة والقشرة الدماغية، فعلى ذلك يأتي المسمى الحدي.

ما هي علامات اضطراب الشخصية الحدية؟

وتتمحور العلامات حول الشخص المضطرب، بين عدم القدرة على إدارة العواطف من ناحية، والأفكار والسلوك المتهور وعدم القدرة على التحكم في ردود الأفعال من ناحية أخرى.

ما هي علامات اضطراب الشخصية الحدية؟

ومن العلامات الأخرى التي قد يلاحظها بعض الأشخاص المقربين أو الزملاء ممن دخل منهم في علاقة مباشرة مع هذه الشخصية، وشعر أنه منهك من شكه الدائم، أو شعوره بالذنب لو فكر أن يتجنب أي محاولات أخرى للتقرب منه، هي أنه شخص لحوح، وقد يؤثر على من يتعامل معه بشدة لأنه الوحيد في العلاقة الذي يشعرك متى وأين تحدث الأشياء، ويقرر لك أيضا ما هي شكل المعاملة التي يستحق أن توفرها له، وكيف تهتم به من طريقته نفسها في التعامل معك، كأنها الصورة الطبيعية للعلاقة!

ما هي أعراض اضطرابات الشخصية الحدية؟

  •  مما سبق نستنتج أن الشخصية الحدية تمارس كل الحيل الممكنة للدفاع عن نفسها وعن العلاقة التي ترى فيها الصورة الطبيعية والآمنة لشكل العلاقة، وذلك لأن أكبر مخاوف هذه الشخصية تتمثل في هجر الأشخاص من حوله، فيهدد دائما بالإيذاء وغيره من السلوكيات التي تشعره بالوجود، مثل الإقبال على المخدرات والدخول في علاقات عابرة.
  • الشعور بفراغ مزمن من الداخل وشتات في الهوية والأهداف.
  • يشعر أنه يريد التمسك بأي دلائل خارجية تؤكد شعوره الداخلى بدلا من تقييم نفسه، ويمكن أن يصاحب هذا الاضطراب، تزامنا مع اضطرابات أخرى، مثل القلق، اضطرابات الأكل وتعاطي المخدرات، يمكن أن يترافق معه الاكتئاب.

أسباب اضطراب الشخصية الحدية:

الأسباب قد تكون وراثية وهي تشكل النسبة الأكبر من العوامل الأخرى، حيث تستحوذ هذه العوامل الوراثية على نسبة مئوية بعد النصف، (60%) وباقي العوامل الأخرى قد تكون بيئية من البيئة التي ينشأ بها الفرد في طفولته وتؤثر في سلوكه، أو قد يكون ذلك نتيجة لسوء المعاملة التي تربى عليها الطفل من الوالدين.

لايفوتك..

حالات تستدعي الذهاب لدكتور القلب فورًا

لماذا يفشل علاج الشخصية الحدية؟

يرى المعالج النفسي، أحمد بدران أخصائي الصحة النفسية والتوجيه الأسري والتربوي، أن علاج الشخصية الحدية يفشل تمامًا بطريقة التحليل النفسي، لأن مركز اللاشعور عند المريض يصبح مشوه ومركز الشعور والإدراك غير قادر على معالجته، وكذلك يفشل العلاج المعرفي: فإذا كان عضلة العقل نفسها ضامرة كيف أقوم على مرانها أساساً؟

 

هل اضطراب الشخصية الحدية مرض عقلي

المرض العقلي في البداية هو عبارة عن اضطراب في العقل من حيث التفكير والسلوك والشعور وكذلك التصرفات، وكل هذا يتوافق مع أعراض الشخصية الحدية فهي في الأساس مرض عقلي يدور حول عدم قدرة عقل الإنسان على إدارة شعوره وتصرفاته وكل أفعاله.

يقول أحمد بدران، أن هناك حلا في العلاج الجدلي، وقد أثبتت فعاليته عن طرق العلاج الأخرى، وفي رأيي أن علاج الشخصية الحدية يكمن مع الوقت في بناء وصلات عصبية لدماغ المريض، وحل من هذا النوع يأتي إما عن طريق التأمل بالإضافة لتمارين أو نظام رياضي يدعى تاي شي شوان، ولا بد فى النهاية من علاج مكثف فردي وجماعي.

وإما عن طريق تمرينًا سيكولوجيًا آخر، يعد من أصعب التمارين في العلاج النفسي، لأنه في نفس الوقت نجد موضوعًا لعلاج اضطراب من أصعب الاضطرابات الشخصية، والتي ننافشها في هذا المقال، ويقول على الرغم من أنه بهذه الصعوبة لدرجة أن المعالجين أنفسهم يفشلون في الاستمرار عليه بنسبة كبيرة جدا تصل إلى 90%، إلا أن النتائج التي تصاحب معدل مستوى المواظبة عليه تشكل في معظمها تغييرًا أفضل لنمط وأسلوب حياتك.

التمرين الأول: اقفل التلفاز، فعل موبايلك على الوضع صامت، قرر أنك هتصوم عن الكلام لمدة عشرين دقيقة. “احضر وجبة العشاء / الغداء الخاصة بك : أبدأ في مضغ أول قضمه ببطئ، تذوق طعم أول حبة أرز أو لحم أو خضار في فمك ، وكذلك باقى القضمات، قاوم الملل، قاوم شرود عقلك وسرحانه، أمضغ كل لقمة باحساسها الخاص، لا تترك أى لقمه دون عقد نية بتذوقها، ابلع ببطئ، قاوم الملل لمدة عشرين دقيقة، بدون كلام، بدون عقل شارد … كرر الموضوع يومياً”.

التمرين الثانى:“السماعات الخاصة بك : شغل أى مقطع موسيقى لمدة ثلاث دقائق، لا تغني معه أبداً، اسمعه كأنه جديد، لاحظ من البداية كل آلة موسيقية وتناغمها مع الآخرى، لاحظ البيانو، الساكس، التشيلو، الطبلة، الدرامز، الكمنجة، الناى، الجيتار، قاوم الملل، قاوم شرود عقلك، لاحظ الميلودى الأساسية، قاوم شرود عقلك لمدة ثلاث دقائق .. كرر مرة ثانية يوميًا”.

موضوعات متعلقة

ما هو اضطراب الشخصية الحدية؟

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