أضرار تناول الباراسيتامول أثناء الحمل
تتساءل الكثير من الأمهات عن أضرار تناول الباراسيتامول أثناء الحمل، فهناك دراسات توضح ما إذا كان من الآمن استخدام الباراسيتامول أثناء الحمل، حيث
يعتبر تناول الباراسيتامول أثناء الحمل موضوعًا مثيرًا للجدل للغاية وهناك العديد من الآراء المتضاربة حوله.
قد لا تدرك ذلك ، لكن عقار الأسيتامينوفين ، وهو عقار لا يحتاج إلى وصفة طبية ، هو أحد الأدوية الأكثر مبيعًا في جميع أنحاء العالم. المشكلة هي أن الناس لا يدركون الآثار الجانبية وموانع هذا الدواء .
حتى وقت قريب ، أشارت التوصيات الخاصة باستخدام الباراسيتامول أثناء الحمل إلى أن هذا أمر خطير. ومع ذلك ، بالنظر إلى التجربة السريرية ، لا يوجد دليل على وجود علاقة بين استخدام الدواء وتأثيره على الجهاز البولي التناسلي. أيضًا ، لا يوجد شيء حول التغييرات في النمو العصبي للطفل.
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تناول الباراسيتامول أثناء الحمل
هذا الدواء المستخدم على نطاق واسع له خصائص مسكنة وخافضة للحرارة. نتيجة لذلك ، فإنه يقلل من الألم والحمى. يشبه الأسبرين ، لكنه لا يقلل الالتهاب ولا يظهر آثارًا مضادة للصفيحات.
بسبب هذه الخصائص ، يستخدم الناس الباراسيتامول لتقليل الآلام المتوسطة والحادة والمزمنة. هذا هو المسكن المفضل لمعظم الأطباء عندما يتعلق الأمر بالمرضى الذين تزيد أعمارهم عن 50 عامًا .
على الرغم من أننا نعلم أنه يعمل بشكل مركزي ، لا أحد يعرف بالضبط كيف يعمل الباراسيتامول. ومع ذلك ، هناك فرضية مقبولة على نطاق واسع في المجتمع العلمي مفادها أن الباراسيتامول يزيد من عتبة الألم عن طريق تثبيط انزيمات الأكسدة الحلقية. هذه جزيئات تشارك في تركيب البروستاجلاندين.
البروستاجلاندين هي بروتينات مرتبطة بالألم. ومع ذلك ، لا يمكن للباراسيتامول أن يثبط إنزيمات الأكسدة الحلقية على المستوى المحيطي ، أي خارج الجهاز العصبي المركزي . لهذا السبب ، ليس له تأثير مضاد للالتهابات. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، يثبط الباراسيتامول تخليق وتأثيرات الأجهزة الكيميائية المختلفة التي تحسس مستقبلات الألم للمنبهات الميكانيكية أو الكيميائية.
عندما يتعلق الأمر بفعاليته في تقليل أعراض الحمى ، يمكن للباراسيتامول أن يسد منطقة الدماغ التي تتحكم في درجة حرارة الجسم. لذلك ، فإنه قادر على تبديد الحرارة عن طريق التسبب في توسع الأوعية وزيادة تدفق الدم المحيطي والتعرق.
الآثار الجانبية للباراسيتامول أثناء الحمل
الباراسيتامول سام للكبد (سام للكبد). ومع ذلك ، في معظم الحالات ، تكون هذه السمية ناتجة عن جرعة زائدة أو جرعات زائدة مزمنة. تحدث السمية الكبدية التي يسببها الباراسيتامول على النحو التالي:
- نخر الكبد.
- اليرقان ، أي اصفرار الجلد والأغشية المخاطية.
- نزيف في الجهاز الهضمي أو كدمات في الجلد.
- اعتلال الدماغ.
بالإضافة إلى هذه السمية ، يمكن أن تسبب آثارًا جانبية أخرى مثل:
- قلة العدلات (انخفاض في خلايا الدم البيضاء).
- الشرى والتفاعلات التحسسية الأخرى.
أضرار تناول الباراسيتامول أثناء الحمل
غيرت وزارة الصحة الإسبانية مؤخرًا توصياتها بشأن استخدام الباراسيتامول أثناء الحمل. عندما تقوم شركة بتسويق عقار ما ، يجب عليها إجراء سلسلة من الدراسات القائمة على الملاحظة لتقييم سلامة الدواء على المدى الطويل. كما أن الغرض منه هو اكتشاف المخاطر التي لم يتم تقييمها في مراحل العمل السابقة.
أثناء التقييم الدوري للباراسيتامول من قبل أقسام التيقظ الدوائي ، تم إجراء المزيد من الدراسات أيضًا حول تأثيرات الدواء على أجنة النساء الحوامل الذين يتناولون هذا الدواء. جميع بيانات السلامة الجديدة التي تم الحصول عليها من خلال الدراسات القائمة على الملاحظة متاحة الآن في ورقة البيانات الفنية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، يتم سردها في إدراج العبوة في عبوات الأدوية التي تحتوي على هذا العنصر النشط .
كما ترى ، تمتلك AEMPS أساسًا قويًا لإصدار حكم. بعد إجراء جميع التحقيقات ذات الصلة ، لم يكن هناك دليل على أن استخدام الباراسيتامول قبل الولادة لم يكن له تأثير على الجهاز البولي التناسلي ولم يتسبب في اضطرابات النمو العصبي لدى الطفل.
باختصار ، يمكن للمرأة الحامل تناول الباراسيتامول تحت إشراف الطبيب بشرط ألا تسيء استعماله . يجب على النساء الحوامل توخي الحذر أثناء تناول الأدوية وتجنب العلاج الذاتي بغض النظر عن الظروف.
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