تعرف على أول خلفاء الدولة العباسية
تعرف على أول خلفاء الدولة العباسية، الدولة العباسية هي الدولة التي قامت بعد سقوط الدولة الأموية، والدولة العباسية منسوبة إلى أسرة عم الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم العباس بن عبد المطلب رضى الله عنه، وسنتعرف في هذا الموضوع على نشأة الدولة العباسية، كما سنتعرف على أول خلفاء الدولة العباسية، تابعونا في السطور التالية.
محتويات المقالة
نشأة الدولة العباسية
قامت الدولة العباسية على يد أسرة عم الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم العباس بن عبدالمطلب، في العام 750 ميلادية، وقادت الأسرة العباسية الثورة ضد الأمويين، وجهزت الجيوش ضدهم، وانتصرت عليهم، وذلك في عهد مروان بن محمد آخر الخلفاء الأمويين، والذي هرب إلى مصر، ولقى حتفه هناك.
مساحة الدولة العباسية
وبلغت مساحة الدولة العباسية 10,000,000كم²، وبلغ عدد سكانها 50,000,000 مليون نسمة، وعملتها الرئيسية هي الدينار العباسي، وفي عام 1517م سقطت الدولة العباسية على يد المغول التتار.
مدة قيام الدولة العباسية
استمرت الدولة العباسية في حكم العالم الإسلامي لمدة خمس قرون، واتسعت رقعة الدول التي تحكمها من الصين شرقًا، حتى المغرب العربي غربًا، ولم تخرج عن حكم الدولة العباسية سوى الأندلس التي وصل إليها عبدالرحمن بن معاوية الملقب بصقر قريش، وأسس دولة أموية لا تعترف بالدولة العباسية.
أول خليفة عباسي
سنتعرف في السطور التالية عن أول خليفة تولى حكم الدولة العباسية وهو:
الخليفة الأول أبو العباس السفاح
أبو العباس هو أول خلفاء الدولة العباسية، وحرص في بداية حكمه بعد الثورة على الأمويين على قتل جميع الأسرة الأموية، ولم يفلت منه سوى أمير واحد واستقل بالأندلس وأسس فيها دولة أموية لا تعترف بالدولة العباسية، استمر أبو العباس في الحكم قرابة الأربع سنوات، عمل فيهم على تأسيس عاصمة مؤقتة في الأنبار لتكون مقرًا له.
هل كان الخليفة الأول أبو العباس سفاحًا؟
هذا الرأي فيه اختلاف بين المؤرخين، فهناك من يرى تفسير قتله للأسرة الأموية بهذه البشاعة والشدة، أن ظروف الثورة على الأموية هي من أجبرت على التخلص منهم حتى لا يعيقه أحد في تأسيس الدولة الأموية، وهناك من يرى أن كلمة سفاح التي لقب بها يقصد بها أنه يسفح الماء والكرم والعطاء.
أسماء خلفاء الدولة العباسية في العصر الأول
الدولة العباسية تنقسم إلى عصرين، العصر الأول، والعصر الثاني، وخلفاء الدولة العباسية في العصر الأول هم كالآتي:
أبو العباس السفّاح: فترة الحكم من 749 إلى 754م.
أبو جعفر المنصور: فترة الحكم من 754 إلى 775م.
المهدي: فترة الحكم من 775 إلى 785م.
الهادي: فترة الحكم من 785 إلى 786م.
هارون الرشيد: فترة الحكم من 786 إلى 809م.
الأمين: فترة الحكم 809 من 813م.
المأمون: فترة الحكم 813 إلى 819م.
المعتصم بالله: فترة الحكم من 819 إلى 843م.
الواثق بالله: فترة الحكم من 843 إلى847م.
أسماء خلفاء الدولة العباسية في العصر الثاني
المتوكل على الله جعفر بن المعتصم 847 – 861م
المنتصر بالله محمد بن المتوكّل 861 – 862م
المستعين بالله أحمد بن المعتصم 862 – 866م
المعتز بالله محمد أبو عبد الله بن المتوكّل 866 – 869م
المهتدي بالله محمد بن الواثق بن المعتصم 869 – 870م
المعتمد على الله أحمد بن المتوكّل بن المعتصم 870 – 792م
المعتضد بالله أحمد بن الموفق طلحة بن المتوكّل 892 – 902م
المكتفي بالله أبو محمد على بن المعتضد 902 – 908م
المقتدر بالله أبو الفضل جعفر بن محمد 908 – 932م
القاهر بالله أبو منصور محمد بن المعتضد 932 – 934م
الراضي بالله أبو العباس محمد بن المقتدر بن المعتضد 934 – 941م
المتقي لله أبو إسحاق إبراهيم بن المقتدر 941 – 945م
المستكفي بالله أبو القاسم عبد الله بن المكتفي 945 – 946م
أسباب قيام الدولة العباسية
الدولة العباسية نتيجة للأسباب الآتية:
_ضعف الدولة الأموية بعد وفاة هشام بن عبدالملك
_اندلاع الثورات والفتن الداخلية، فضلًا عن الانقسامات الداخلية التي أدت إلى قيام الحروب الداخلية.
_ تردي الوضع الاقتصادي، وضعف الميزانية العامة للدولة، وظهور الأحزاب الدينية والحركات السياسية التي أحدثت حالة من الفوضى، والانقسامات الداخلية في الدولة الأموية.
_وفاة محمد بن علي بن عبد الله بن عباس وابنه إبراهيم الذي سجن على يد الأموي مروان بن محمد في حران، يعد سبب رئيسي لضعف الدولة الأموية والثورة عليها.
سبب سقوط الدولة العباسية
من أسباب سقوط الدولة العباسية، نقمة القادة الفرس، ووصول حكام ليسوا من العرب إلى الحكم، بالإضافة إلى تدنى الوضع الاقتصادي، بالإضافة إلى تعدد المزاهب والديانات في الدولة، وانتشار الدويلات والممالك، فضلًا عن الغزو التتاري المغولي الذي أنهى عن الدولة العباسية.
إقرأ أيضًا:
Comments (72)
Spot on with this write-up, I truly suppose this web site wants way more consideration. I’ll probably be once more to read far more, thanks for that info.
You made some good points there. I looked on the internet for the subject and found most guys will consent with your website.
An impressive share, I just given this onto a colleague who was doing a little analysis on this. And he in fact bought me breakfast because I found it for him.. smile. So let me reword that: Thnx for the treat! But yeah Thnkx for spending the time to discuss this, I feel strongly about it and love reading more on this topic. If possible, as you become expertise, would you mind updating your blog with more details? It is highly helpful for me. Big thumb up for this blog post!
I believe this web site has very great composed content content.
I am really enjoying the theme/design of your weblog. Do you ever run into any internet browser compatibility problems? A few of my blog visitors have complained about my website not operating correctly in Explorer but looks great in Safari. Do you have any solutions to help fix this problem?
I was very pleased to find this web-site.I wanted to thanks for your time for this wonderful read!! I definitely enjoying every little bit of it and I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you blog post.
I will immediately grasp your rss as I can not in finding your e-mail subscription hyperlink or newsletter service. Do you’ve any? Please allow me realize so that I may subscribe. Thanks.
Thank you for the auspicious writeup. It in fact was a amusement account it. Look advanced to far added agreeable from you! However, how could we communicate?
Only wanna input that you have a very decent website , I love the design and style it actually stands out.
Some truly interesting details you have written.Aided me a lot, just what I was searching for : D.
I truly appreciate this post. I have been looking all over for this! Thank goodness I found it on Bing. You’ve made my day! Thank you again!
What i don’t realize is in fact how you’re no longer actually much more smartly-liked than you may be now. You’re so intelligent. You already know therefore significantly relating to this matter, made me for my part consider it from a lot of various angles. Its like men and women don’t seem to be involved except it¦s something to do with Girl gaga! Your own stuffs nice. Always maintain it up!
I like this blog so much, bookmarked. “American soldiers must be turned into lambs and eating them is tolerated.” by Muammar Qaddafi.
Very interesting information!Perfect just what I was looking for! “One man’s folly is another man’s wife.” by Helen Rowland.
very good post, i definitely love this website, carry on it
Heya i am for the first time here. I found this board and I find It really useful & it helped me out much. I hope to give something back and help others like you aided me.
Undeniably believe that that you said. Your favorite reason seemed to be at the net the simplest factor to be mindful of. I say to you, I definitely get annoyed even as folks consider issues that they just don’t recognise about. You managed to hit the nail upon the top and also defined out the entire thing with no need side effect , folks could take a signal. Will likely be back to get more. Thank you
wonderful put up, very informative. I wonder why the opposite specialists of this sector do not understand this. You must proceed your writing. I’m confident, you’ve a huge readers’ base already!
I have recently started a blog, the info you provide on this website has helped me tremendously. Thank you for all of your time & work.
Just what I was looking for, appreciate it for posting.
Hiya, I’m really glad I’ve found this information. Nowadays bloggers publish just about gossips and internet and this is actually frustrating. A good blog with interesting content, this is what I need. Thank you for keeping this web-site, I’ll be visiting it. Do you do newsletters? Can not find it.
Everyone loves what you guys are usually up too. This kind of clever work and reporting! Keep up the amazing works guys I’ve included you guys to our blogroll.
Really superb info can be found on web site. “Education is what most receive, many pass on, and few possess.” by Karl Kraus.
Some really wonderful blog posts on this website , appreciate it for contribution.
You really make it seem so easy with your presentation but I find this topic to be actually something that I think
I would never understand. It seems too complex and very broad
for me. I’m looking forward for your next post, I will try to get the
hang of it!
F*ckin¦ awesome things here. I¦m very satisfied to see your post. Thank you a lot and i’m taking a look forward to touch you. Will you please drop me a mail?
Boulder News
Informative article, exactly what I wanted to find.
As long as there is a network, remote real – Time recording can be performed without special hardware installation.
It’s really a great and useful piece of info. I’m glad that you shared this helpful info with us. Please keep us informed like this. Thank you for sharing.
Since the admin of this web site is working, no doubt very rapidly it will be well-known, due to its quality contents.
Does your site have a contact page? I’m having a tough time locating it but, I’d like to shoot you an email. I’ve got some ideas for your blog you might be interested in hearing. Either way, great website and I look forward to seeing it develop over time.
I discovered your blog site on google and check a few of your early posts. Continue to keep up the very good operate. I just additional up your RSS feed to my MSN News Reader. Seeking forward to reading more from you later on!…
Hey very nice website!! Guy .. Beautiful .. Amazing .. I’ll bookmark your site and take the feeds also?KI am glad to seek out a lot of helpful info here in the post, we need develop more techniques in this regard, thanks for sharing. . . . . .
Thanks for some other great post. Where else may anyone get that type of information in such a perfect means of writing? I have a presentation subsequent week, and I’m on the look for such info.
I think other site proprietors should take this website as an model, very clean and great user genial style and design, as well as the content. You are an expert in this topic!
hey there and thank you for your info – I’ve definitely picked up something new from right here. I did however expertise a few technical issues using this website, as I experienced to reload the web site a lot of times previous to I could get it to load properly. I had been wondering if your web hosting is OK? Not that I am complaining, but slow loading instances times will often affect your placement in google and can damage your high quality score if ads and marketing with Adwords. Well I am adding this RSS to my email and could look out for much more of your respective fascinating content. Ensure that you update this again very soon..
Those are yours alright! . We at least need to get these people stealing images to start blogging! They probably just did a image search and grabbed them. They look good though!
I like the helpful information you supply for your articles. I will bookmark your blog and take a look at again here regularly. I am somewhat certain I’ll be told a lot of new stuff right here! Best of luck for the following!
Wow! Thank you! I continuously wanted to write on my website something like that. Can I include a fragment of your post to my site?
A powerful share, I just given this onto a colleague who was doing somewhat evaluation on this. And he actually bought me breakfast as a result of I found it for him.. smile. So let me reword that: Thnx for the treat! But yeah Thnkx for spending the time to discuss this, I really feel strongly about it and love reading more on this topic. If potential, as you develop into experience, would you mind updating your weblog with extra details? It’s highly useful for me. Massive thumb up for this blog submit!
I’ve been absent for a while, but now I remember why I used to love this blog. Thanks, I?¦ll try and check back more frequently. How frequently you update your site?
WONDERFUL Post.thanks for share..more wait .. …
hi!,I really like your writing very so much! proportion we be in contact more approximately your article on AOL? I require a specialist in this space to resolve my problem. Maybe that’s you! Having a look forward to peer you.
Some truly nice and useful information on this web site, besides I conceive the layout holds fantastic features.
I am no longer sure the place you’re getting your info, but good topic. I needs to spend a while learning more or working out more. Thank you for magnificent info I used to be searching for this info for my mission.
Hi, Neat post. There is a problem with your website in internet explorer, would check this… IE still is the market leader and a good portion of people will miss your great writing because of this problem.
Awsome blog! I am loving it!! Will come back again. I am bookmarking your feeds also
You have brought up a very good points, regards for the post.
I gotta favorite this site it seems very beneficial extremely helpful
Thank you for every other informative blog. Where else may just I get that type of information written in such an ideal method? I’ve a venture that I am just now operating on, and I have been at the look out for such information.
Greetings! Very helpful advice on this article! It is the little changes that make the biggest changes. Thanks a lot for sharing!
What is Aizen Power? Aizen Power is an all-natural supplement to improve overall male health.
What is ProvaDent? In the dynamic landscape of dental care, innovation is key to improving patient experience and outcomes
The following time I read a blog, I hope that it doesnt disappoint me as much as this one. I imply, I know it was my choice to learn, however I actually thought youd have something interesting to say. All I hear is a bunch of whining about something that you would fix if you happen to werent too busy in search of attention.
It¦s actually a nice and useful piece of information. I am satisfied that you shared this useful information with us. Please stay us informed like this. Thanks for sharing.
голые мужчин которые хотят секса моя жена шлюха sexwife куколд самые
дешевые проститутки по вызову секс
услуги златоуст
I?¦m not certain where you’re getting your info, but great topic. I must spend a while studying more or working out more. Thank you for magnificent info I was looking for this information for my mission.
Wohh exactly what I was searching for, thanks for putting up.
I wish to point out my admiration for your generosity for men and women who really need help on this one theme. Your special dedication to passing the solution all-around had become pretty productive and has regularly encouraged women like me to reach their goals. The informative report implies a great deal to me and extremely more to my mates. Thank you; from everyone of us.
Dead indited content material, thanks for selective information. “Necessity is the mother of taking chances.” by Mark Twain.
Hello very cool blog!! Man .. Excellent .. Wonderful .. I’ll bookmark your site and take the feeds also?KI’m glad to seek out a lot of useful information right here in the post, we need work out extra strategies in this regard, thanks for sharing. . . . . .
Can I just say what a relief to find someone who actually knows what theyre talking about on the internet. You definitely know how to bring an issue to light and make it important. More people need to read this and understand this side of the story. I cant believe youre not more popular because you definitely have the gift.
Nice post. I study one thing tougher on different blogs everyday. It would always be stimulating to read content from other writers and apply just a little one thing from their store. I’d choose to make use of some with the content on my blog whether or not you don’t mind. Natually I’ll give you a link on your web blog. Thanks for sharing.
But wanna admit that this is handy, Thanks for taking your time to write this.
Hey, you used to write fantastic, but the last several posts have been kinda boringK I miss your great writings. Past several posts are just a little out of track! come on!
Some genuinely fantastic content on this site, appreciate it for contribution. “My salad days, When I was green in judgment.” by William Shakespeare.
I genuinely enjoy examining on this internet site, it has got superb posts.
I do believe all of the concepts you’ve offered for your post. They are very convincing and will certainly work. Still, the posts are very short for novices. Could you please lengthen them a little from next time? Thank you for the post.
I was just looking for this info for some time. After 6 hours of continuous Googleing, at last I got it in your web site. I wonder what is the lack of Google strategy that do not rank this kind of informative web sites in top of the list. Generally the top sites are full of garbage.
Loving the info on this site, you have done great job on the content.
Very interesting information!Perfect just what I was looking for!