ما هي أخر سورة نزلت في مكة
عدد سور القرآن الكريم 114 سورة منها ما نزل في مكة المكرمة ومنها ما نزل في المدينة المنورة، وهناك اختلاف بين العلماء والسلف الصالح عن ما هي أخر سورة نزلت في مكة وسنوضح لكم فيما يلي.
محتويات المقالة
ما هي أخر سورة نزلت في مكة
هناك الكثير من الأراء عن ما هي أخر سورة نزلت في مكة فقيل أنها سورة العنكبوت كما نقل عن ابن عباس رضى الله عنه، ورأي آخر يقول أنها سورة المؤمنون، وبعض السلف الصالح يقولون أن أخر سورة نزلت في مكة هي سورة المطففين، ونستطيع أن نوفق بين كل هذه الروايات بأن سورة العنكبوت سبقت المطففين وبعدها نزلت أيات أخرى من سورة المطففين بعد ذلك في مكة المكرمة ونزلت بعض الأيات الأخرى في المدينة، ويمكن في النهاية أن نقول بأن اخر أيات نزلت في مكة كانت من سورة العنكبوت، وسورة المطففين نزلت كاملة في مكة.
السور التي نزلت في مكة المكرمة
- القلم.
- المزمل.
- العلق.
- المدثر.
- التكوير.
- الأعلى.
- المسد.
- الليل.
- الفجر.
- الضحى.
- الشرح.
- العصر.
- العاديات.
- الكوثر.
- التكاثر.
- الماعون.
- الكافرون.
- الفيل.
- الفلق.
- الناس.
- الإخلاص.
- النجم.
- عبس.
- القدر.
- الشمس.
- البروج.
- التين.
- قريش.
- القارعة.
- القيامة.
- الهمزة.
- المرسلات.
- ق.
- البلد.
- الطارق.
- القمر.
- ص.
- الأعراف.
- الجن.
- يس.
- الفرقان.
- فاطر.
- مريم.
- طه.
- الواقعة.
- الشعراء.
- النمل.
- القصص.
- الإسراء.
- يونس.
- هود.
- يوسف.
- الحجر.
- الأنعام.
- الصافات.
- لقمان.
- سبأ.
- الزمر.
- غافر.
- فصلت.
- الشورى.
- الزخرف.
- الدخان.
- الجاثية.
- الأحقاف.
- الذاريات.
- الغاشية.
- الكهف.
- النحل.
- نوح.
- إبراهيم.
- الأنبياء.
- المؤمنون.
- السجدة.
- الطور.
- الملك.
- الحاقة.
- المعارج.
- النبأ.
- النازعات.
- الانفطار.
- الانشقاق.
- الروم.
أول سورة نزلت في مكة المكرمة
تعتبر أول سورة نزلت في مكة المكرمة هي سورة العلق ففي صحيح البخاري أن السيدة عائشة رضي الله عنها عن بدء الوحي فتذمر أن أول ما نزل من القرآن الكريم {اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ * خَلَقَ الْإِنسَانَ مِنْ عَلَقٍ * اقْرَأْ وَرَبُّكَ الْأَكْرَمُ * الَّذِي عَلَّمَ بِالْقَلَمِ * عَلَّمَ الْإِنسَانَ مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ}.
وأول سورة نزلت كاملة في مكة المكرمة هي سورة المدثر ونزلت قبل أن تتم سورة العلق كاملة.
بما تمتاز السور المكية والمدنية
السور المكية:
السور المكية تمتاز بأنها قصيرة وتحمل طابع التحدي ويوجد بها السجع، وتتحدث كثيرا عن عظمة المولى عز وجل وقدرته، وتذكر العمل على ترويض النفس لخالقها عز وجل.
السور المدنية:
تتميز السور المدنية بأن أياتها طويلة وذكرت الشرائع وتفاصيل أحكام ديننا الإسلامي الحنيف، وفيها طابع خطاب الألوهية، ورد العدوان والقتال والصبر، كما ذكرت أيضا المنافقين وصفاتهم.
هل هناك آيات مكية في سور مدنية؟
سور كل أياتها مكية مثل سورة المدثر، وسور كل أياتها مدنية مثل سورة آل عمران، وسور كل أياتها مكية إلا أية واحدة مدنية مثل سورة الأعراف، وسور كل أياتها مدنية إلا أية واحدة مكية مثل سورة الحج.
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