معلومات عن صناعة الفخار في البحرين
تعتبر صناعة الفخار من أشهر الصناعات الشعبية التي تشتهر بها المملكة البحرينية، وتعد من الصناعات الأساسية هناك، وتتميز المملكة البحرينية بهذه الصناعة، حيث تؤكد الأبحاث على أن هذه الصناعة موجودة في البحرين منذ آلاف السنين، ويعود تاريخها في المملكة البحرينية إلى ما يزيد عن 3000 سنة قبل الميلاد، وفي هذا الموضوع سوف نتعرف على تاريخ هذه الصناعة في البحرين، ولماذا اشتهرت البحرين بهذه الصناعة، تابعونا في السطور التالية.
محتويات المقالة
صناعة الفخار في البحرين
انتشرت صناعة الفخار في البحرين، وتعد المملكة البحرينية أكثر الدول اشتهارًا بهذه الصناعة، وتعد أسباب انتشارها في المملكة البحرينية إلى ما يلي:
1_ توافر المواد اللازمة لصناعى الفخار.
2_ احتياجات السكان في المملكة البحرينية إلى الأدوات الفخارية في مجال الطعام والشراب.
الصناعات الشعبية المنتشرة في البحرين
السلال المصنوعة من أوراق النخيل.
السيراميك.
صناعة الذهب.
ويضم متحف المنامة البحريني العديد من التحف الآثارية، التي تعود إلى العصور القديمة، ومن هذه التحف التماثيل العاجية، خواتم الذهب، والفخار والأدوات النحاسية.
كيفية صناع الفخار
تعد صناعة الفخار من أكثر الصناعات الشعبية في منطقة الوطن العربي، وتحتاج هذه الصناعة حتي يتم تصنيعها إلى طين معين، يمتاز هذا الطين بنقاوته، وسهولة تشكيله إلى أشكال متختلفة من الأواني الفخارية، ويتم إحضار هذا الطين من الرفاع، يقوم الصانع بوضع الطين في أحواض خاصة، ويوضع فوق الطين الماء، وبعد ذلك يقوم الصانع بعجنه بالأرجل بشكل مستمر إلى أن يصبح سهل التشكيل، ومن خلال آلة عند الصانع يقوم بتشكيل الطين إلى أواني فخارية، ثم يتم وضعه في حفرة تغطي منتصف الجسم، وهي عبارة عن عجلة مصنوعة من الخشب أو الحديد، وتدار هذه العجلة بواسطة دولاب آخر مصنوع من حجر دائري الشكل، ثم يقوم الصانع بعد تشكيل الطين إلى أواني بتزيينه، ووضعه في الشمس، وفي النهاية يتم وضعه في الفرن.
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