حق اليهود في فلسطين من القرآن
لا ينظر إلى الصراع العربي الإسرائيلي على أنه نزاع سياسي فحسب، بل نزاع ديني، وعلى مدار تلك العصور كانت فلسطين محط أطماع العديد من الدول الاستعمارية، وأحيانا كان الاحتلال يمتد لقرون لكن في ظل وجود فلسطيني مستمر، فهل لليهود حق ديني أو تاريخي في فلسطين؟ وما هي الأرض المقدسة؟
محتويات المقالة
هل لليهود حق ديني أو تاريخي في فلسطين؟
- السكان الأصليين: مر الكثير من الشعوب على بلاد فلسطين وسكنوها لفترات طويلة أيضا، مثل الفرس والرومان وغيرهم، كما وصل الإسكندر الأكبر حدود غزة، ومع ذلك لا يجوز تبعا لهذا أن نقول فلسطين رومانية مثلا، لأن هذه الأعراق جميعها كانت عابرة لا يمكن نسبتهم إلى الأرض بخلاف السكان الأصليين.
- مفهوم الدولة: بالطبع هناك الكثير من الاختلافات في التركيبة السكانية الحالية عن جينات الأجداد، ولكن تشترك هذه الأجيال في أنهم عاشوا على هذه الأرض، رغم اختلاط الأجناس الأخرى واستقرار بعضها بنسب قليلة، ذاب جزء كبير منها مع السكان الأصليين، وعاشوا فيها لمدة طويلة كشعب واحد، من بينهم أقليات كثيرة مثل اليهود.
- فما الذي يضمن لكل هذه الأعراق التعايش السلمي بدياناتهم المختلفة داخل مكان واحد يقع في العالم من منطقة ما؟ فالديانة لا يمكن أبدا أن تستخدم كحق لامتلاك الأرض، ومن المفترض ألا تكون الأرض ملك لطائفة دينية معينة.
هل فلسطين عربية أم يهودية؟
- سكن الكنعانيون أرض فلسطين منذ عصور ما قبل التاريخ، وقد وجدت آثار وأدوات زراعية تؤكد أن تلك المنطقة شهدت نوعاً من الحياة البسيطة، والتي تعود إلى فترة لم يكن فيها اليهود أصلا، ثم تطور الكنعانيون بعد ذلك لمرحلة الحضارة والتمدن.
- وهذا واضح في الأبحاث الأثرية التي وجدت أدوات تعود للوجود الفلسطيني منذ العصر البرونزي، وهو الوجود الذي استمر بالتمدد والانتشار وبناء مراكز وتجمعات أخرى، في حين لم يكن هناك أي أدلة تشير لمستوى التطور السائد في هذه الفترة بالنسبة لليهود، على الرغم من محاولاتهم المستميتة في إثبات وجود هيكل سليمان المزعوم.
هل حقا اصل الفلسطينيين من جزيرة كريت؟
فمن الناحية التاريخية، يتضح لنا أن هناك سكانا سبقوا الجميع على هذه الأرض، وقبل أن يدخلها اليهود قد كان في فلسطين ثلاث قبائل، وهم:
- الفينيقيون: واستوطنوا المنطقة الشمالية منها على البحر الأبيض المتوسط، حوالي سنة 3000 قبل الميلاد.
- الكنعانيون: وهم من القبائل المهاجرة من شبه الجزيرة العربية، وفي هذه الفترة كانت نسبة اليهود بسيطة جدا مقارنة بالسكان الأصليين.
- فلستين: وهم شعوب البحر التي هاجرت من جزيرة كريت أو الأناضول، ونزلت بين يافا وغزة، وحسب ما كتب في تاريخ المنطقة، فإن هذه الشعوب استقرت في تلك المنطقة، فأصبحت تدعى فلسطين كما سماهم الكنعانيون.
- أما أول وجود لليهود على أرض فلسطين: كان بعد عام 1460 قبل الميلاد حسب الرواية المذكورة في التوراة.
هل كتب الله أرض فلسطين لليهود؟
- أما من الناحية الدينية: فقد جاء في القرآن الكريم قوله تعالى على لسان موسى عليه السلام: (يا قوم ادخلو الأرض المقدسة التي كتب الله لكم ولا ترتدوا على أدباركم فتنقلبوا خاسرين). سورة المائدة.
- كتب الله لكم: أي الأرض التي وهب لكم على حسب قول إسحاق، وقال السدى التي أمركم الله بها.
- وعلى رأي بعض العلماء: ليس المقصود هو التمليك، وعلى الرأي الآخر هو تمليك لهم بشرط أن يدخلوها، وبنو إسرائيل حين أمرهم الله بالدخول نكلوا وعصوا وخالفوا أمره، فكان عقابهم أربعين سنة يتهيون في الأرض، حائرين لا يدرون كيف يتوجهون إلى مقصد، حسب تفسير ابن كثير.
- ويدل على هذا أيضا قوله تعالى: (وقال الذين كفروا لرسلهم لنخرجنكم من أرضنا أو لتعودن في ملتنا فأوحى إليهم ربهم لنهلكن الظالمين). سورة إبراهيم.
ما هي الأرض المقدسة التي كتبها الله لبنى إسرائيل وأمرهم بدخولها؟
- اختلف المفسرون في تأويل المكان المقصود من سياق الأرض المقدسة أينما وردت، فقال ابن عباس، هي الطور وما حوله أي المنطقة المحيطة بجبل سيناء.
- أو أنها بلاد الشام: كما ذكر في تفسير الآية يا قوم ادخلوا الأرض المقدَّسة، أي الأرض المطهرة التي أمركم الله بدخولها وهي الشام، إلا أن المسلمين يشيرون إلى نفس القطعة من الأرض باعتبارها هي.
مواضيع متعلقة:
- أسماء بنات فلسطينية ومعانيها
- من هي ملكة كندا والدول التي تحكمها
- عاصمة الدولة الأموية وتاريخ سقوطها
- قصة وردت في أواخر سورة البقرة
المصادر:
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