تفسير ابن كثير لسورة الضحى
تحدثنا في مقالة سابقة عن معنى لفظ الضحى في القرآن الكريم، من خلال عدد كبير من الأبحاث والدراسات التي تهتم كل منها بمناقشة مختلفة عن النزول، أو المعاني أو غير ذلك مما اشتملت عليه السورة من تفاسير أخرى نكتشفها عند القراءة.
وفي هذه المقالة سوف نتناول معنى الباقي من آيات سورة الضحى وفوائدها الروحانية من تفسير ابن كثير، وغيرها من التعاليم الربانية والمعاني الجمالية التي نجد فيها العزاء لأنفسنا كأننا المخاطبين.
محتويات المقالة
ما ودعك ربك وما قلى تفسير ابن كثير
- ما ودعك: أي ما تركك
- وما قلى: أي وما أبغضك
- وللآخرة خير لك من الأولى: ولهذا كان الرسول أزهد الناس في الدنيا، ولمّا خير في أيامه الأخيرة كما هو معلوم من سيرته بين الحياة والموت، اختار ما عند الله.
- ولسوف يعطيك ربك فترضى: وعن ابن عباس أن من رضاء محمد ألا يدخل أحد من بيته النار.
وقال الحسن: يعني بذلك الشفاعة.
وقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أنا أهل بيت اختار الله لنا الآخرة على الدنيا.
معنى قوله تعالى ووجدك ضالا فهدى
- ألم يجدك يتيما فآوى: ثم قال الله تعالى، ويعدد نعمه على عبده ورسوله، فجعل من يكفله ويعتني به حتى بعثه رسولا وأجرى سنته على الوجه الأكمل. وكل هذا من حفظ الله وعنايته به.
- ووجدك ضالا فهدى: منهم من قال أن المراد هنا المعنى الحرفي للكلمة، أنه صلى الله عليه وسلم ضل في شعاب مكة وهو صغير.
- وقيل ضل في طريق الشام بينما هو مع عمه.
- والتفسير الأرجح أن المعنى يكتمل مع قوله تعالى: “وكذلك أوحينا إليك روحا من أمرنا ما كنت تدري ما الكتاب ولا الإيمان ولكن جعلناه نورا نهدي به من نشاء من عبادنا وإنك لتهدي إلى صراط مستقيم”.
- ووجدك عائلا فأغنى: أي كنت فقيرا فأغناك الله عمن سواك.
- وقال قتادة: في شرح قوله “ألم يجدك يتيما فآوى ووجدك ضالا فهدى ووجدك عائلا فأغنى” أي قبل أن يبعثه الله رسولا.
- فأما اليتيم فلا تقهر: أي أحسن إليه وتلطف به.
- وأما السائل فلا تنهر: أي فلا تنهر السائل أو المسترشد في العلم، وقال قتادة: يعني رد المسكين بلطف ولين.
كيف يكون التحدث بنعمة الله
- ما أجمل أن يستشعر الإنسان فضل الله عليه، ومعلوم أن نعم الله تعالى تقتضي شكره، فيما أسداه من نعم لنا ما كان لنا أن ننالها إلا بفضله سبحانه، لأن الشكر هو الاعتراف بفضل المنعم.
- وهو المقصود بقوله تعالى “وأما بنعمة ربك فحدث”: أي بنعم الله عليك، كما جاء في الحديث المأثور “واجعلنا شاكرين لنعمتك”.
- وقال ابن جرير: كان المسلمون يرون أن من شكر النعم أن يحدث بها.
- وقال أبو داود: من أبلي بلاءا فذكره فقد شكره، وإن كتمه فقد كفره.
تعرف على: فوئد سورة الضحى الروحانية
إقرأ أيضا:
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1- تفسير سورة الضحى ابن كثير
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