فوائد سورة الفاتحة لقضاء الحوائج
فوائد سورة الفاتحة لقضاء الحوائج، لسورة الفاتحة أهمية كبيرة عند كل مسلم، وذلك لأنها افتتح بها المصحف (أم الكتاب) ولأنها تفتتح بها الصلاة في القراءة. فهي ركن عظيم من أركان الصلاة، إذ لا تصح الصلاة بدونها عند جمهور العلماء، كما جاء في الحديث، لا صلاة لمن لم يقرأ بفاتحة الكتاب.
وقد سميت بالسبع المثاني كما جاء في سورة الحجر، فما هي أسماء سورة الفاتحة التي تسمى بها؟
محتويات المقالة
ما هي الأسماء التي تطلق على سورة الفاتحة؟
- ولسورة الفاتحة أسماء كثيرة، ومنها السبع المثاني والقرآن العظيم، الوافية، الكافية، وسورة الحمد.
- تتكون الفاتحة من سبع آيات، وهو ما أجمع عليه جهور العلماء باختلاف الحسن البصري وعمرو بن عبيد، عدها الأول ثمان آيات أما الآخر عدها ست آيات.
- ويقال أن هذه السورة مكية ومدنية أي نزلت في مكة والمدينة، والأرجح أنها مكية نزلت قبل هجرة الرسول.
ما هي السبع المثاني ولماذا سميت بذلك؟
- قيل السبع المثاني هي السبع الطوال: البقرة وآل عمران نزولا بالترتيب حتى سورة التوبة في حكم من جعل هذه السورة وما قبلها سورة واحدة أي الأنفال والتوبة، وقيل السبع المثاني هي سورة الفاتحة وهي سبع آيات دون البسملة، لما رواه البخاري في فضل الفاتحة: “هي السبع المثاني والقرآن العظيم”.
- سبب تسمية الفاتحة بالسبع المثاني: وسميت كذلك لأنها تثني أي تكرر في ركعات الصلوات فرضا ونفلا. قال تعالى: “ولقد آتيناك سبعا من المثاني والقرآن العظيم”. سورة الحجر.
فضل سورة الفاتحة
ورد عن فضل سورة الفاتحة الكثير من المرويات عن النبي صلى عليه وسلم:
- وقد جاء في شرح مجمع البيان أن النبي الكريم (ص) قال: من قرأ هذه السورة ينال أجر ثلثي القرآن كله فيحصل على أجر مكافئ لما تجنيه الصدقة لكل المؤمنين والمؤمنات.
- ويروي أحد أصحاب الرسول (ص): أنه قرأ هذه السورة في حضرة الرسول (ص)، فقال النبي (صلى الله عليه وسلم): والذي نفسي بيده، لم ينزل بمثلها الوحي في التوراة ولا الإنجيل (الكتاب المقدس) ولا الزبور (المزامير).
- وقد سأل النبي (ص) ذات مرة جابر بن عبد الله الأنصاري: قائلا له “ـألا أعلمك سورة لا مثيل لها في القرآن كله؟” فقال جابر: بلى يا رسول الله، فعلمه الرسول الكريم (ص) سورة الفاتحة.
ثم سأله الرسول الكريم مرة أخرى هل أخبرك شيئًا عن هذه السورة؟ فقال جابر: بأبي انت وأمي يا رسول الله، قال النبي (ص): سورة الفاتحة شفاء لكل داء إلا الموت. - وقال الإمام أبو عبد الله جعفر الصادق (ع): من لم تشفه الفاتحة فلا شفاء له. وكتب في نفس الرواية أنه إذا تليت هذه السورة 70 مرة على أي جزء من الجسد يؤلمه، فإن الألم سيزول بالتأكيد. لكن ما ورد في هذا الإسناد ضعيف باتفاق جمهور العلماء. وإنما يكون ذلك نتيجة تأثير التكرار نفسه على ذهن المتلقي.
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