ما هو الوقت المناسب لولادة التوأم؟
توضح الأبحاث والدراساتأن ولادة التوأم ، لها وقت محدد حتى تتم الولادة بصورة طبيعية وأكثر أمان ولا يتسبب ذلك في ضرر على الأطفال، ولخفض احتمالات خطر الوفاة عند الأطفال حديثي الولادة.
محتويات المقالة
ما هو الوقت الأفضل لولادة التوائم
- من الضروري معرفة الوقت الأمثل لولادة التوائم، وهي مسألة لا تزال حتى الآن غامضة إلى حد ما، وتعتمد بشكل كبير على التجارب والشواهد التي تغطيها الدراسات والأبحاث، على أساس الملاحظات القائمة والدلائل الإرشادية المتبعة.
- ومن خلال هذه الشواهد، عرف الباحثون أن النساء التي يخططن لوضع مواليدهن بداية الشهر الأخير من الحمل، خلال الأسبوع السابع والثلاثين على التقريب، قد ينجح ذلك في تجنب المواليد المضاعفات الصحية التي يمكن لها أن تترافق مع ولادة التوائم.
هل الولادة المبكرة أفضل للتوائم
- بعض التقارير الطبية تثبت أن الولادة بعد 34 أسبوعاً في حالة التوأم تعد طبيعية أيضاً، وإذا كان الجسم يرسل إشارات الولادة مبكراً عن هذا الموعد مما يسبب مشكلة عدم نضج الرئتين، في هذه الحالة يستعين الأطباء بالأدوات الحديثة التي تعزز النمو المبكر، مثل وسائل الحقن المعروفة.
- توائم ثنائية المشيمة: وتعتقد معظم الدراسات أن ولادة التوأم يجب أن تكون في هذه الحالة بعد حوالي 37 أسبوع مكتمل من الحمل.
- توائم أحادية المشيمة: و 36 أسبوعا في هذه الحالة، وتكون النتائج أفضل في الأسبوع الـ 41، إلا أن ذلك يرتبط عادة بتأخر نمو أحد الطفلين، الأمر الذي قد يسبب اضطرابات عدة، لذلك من المهم مراقبة الطبيب الحالة عن كثب بشكل مستمر.
- مشكلات الدم: حيث تكون الحامل بتوأم أكثر عرضة لفقر الدم لذلك تحتاج في حصص التغذية إلى مزيد من الحديد، كما أن ارتفاع ضغط الدم من المشكلات الصحية التي تواجهها الحامل بتوأم ويزيد من قلق تطورها أثناء الحمل، خطر تسمم الطفل الجنين قبل الأسبوع الـ 20 أو بعد الأسبوع الـ 37 .
ماهي تجهيزات الولادة بتوأم
ومن أهم الرعايا التي تحتاجها الحامل بتوأم، والتي ينصح بها الأطباء:
- الحصول على حصص الغذاء المناسبة من البروتين والحديد والكالسيوم، مع مراقبة الوزن في نفس الوقت والتحكم به.
- زيارة الطبيب بشكل متكرر: بما تتطلبه المتابعة الصحية للحمل من إجراء اختبارات متعددة وفحوصات أخرى لمعرفة مسار نمو الجنينين.
- الراحة: تحتاج بعض النساء حسب الحالة الصحية العامة مزيدا من الراحة في البيت أو المستشفى، وبشكل عام يوصي الأطباء بملازمة الفراش خلال الثلث الثاني من الحمل.
- الولادة المبكرة: الفترة المثالية لأسابيع الحمل هي 39 أسبوعا، وفي في حالة التوأم قد يكون 37 أسبوعا.
- الولادة القيصرية: ويتوقف ذلك على وضعية المولود الأول، لأنه يحدث في بعض الأحيان أن يولد الطفل الأول ولادة طبيعية والثاني ولادة قيصرية.
لماذا يولد التوائم في وقت مبكر
- توجد مجموعة متنوعة من الأسباب التي تجعل يلدن التوائم قبل أن يكملوا فترة الحمل وذلك عند الأسبوع ال 39 .
- ومن أهم هذه الأسباب التي تؤدي للولادة المبكرة هو عندما يكون هناك أكثر من طفل واحد في الرحم يؤدي ذلك إلى مخاطر عديدة مثل تسمم الحمل ، وخلل المشيمة ، ومتلازمة نقل الدم من التوأم
هل الولادة الطبيعية أفضل للتوائم؟
- أكد علماء فرنسيون في دراسة حديثة إن التوائم الذين يولدون عن طريق المهبل في الولادة الطبيعية يعانون من مضاعفات تكون أقل عرضة للوفاة من أولئك الذين يولدون بعملية قيصرية.
- ويوصي الباحثون بأن تكون الولادةالطبيعية للتوئم بين الأسبوعين 32 و 37 من الحمل عندما يكون لدى التوأم الأول عرض رأسي.
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