ما هو أغبى قرار عسكري في التاريخ
أغبى قرار عسكري في العالم؟ تحتاج القيادة العسكرية إلى مقومات خاصة تجمع بين القدرات العقلية والمهارات الشخصية، وقبل ذلك لديها حس بالمسؤولية، فأقل خطا يمكن أن يؤدي إلى خسائر عديدة في الأرواح.
وقد حصل ذلك بالفعل في تاريخ البشر الملئ بالكثير من القررات العسكرية التي ترتب عليها نتائج كارثية في النهاية، نستعرض منها بعض الأخطاء التي تسبب فيها أكبر القادة الذين عرفهم التاريخ.
محتويات المقالة
هل احتل نابليون موسكو؟
- خلفية تاريخية: من بين أسوأ القررات العسكرية على الإطلاق، هو قرار التحرك الفرنسي بقيادة نابليون بونابرت أحد أشهر القادة في التاريخ، ضد روسيا.
- الأحداث: قام نابليون عام 1812 بإرسال حوالي 600 ألف من القوات الفرنسية إلى روسيا، محاولة منه لحماية بولندا من تهديدات موسكو.
- السبب الرئيسي للغزو: لكن الهدف الحقيقي وراء هذه العملية كان الغرض منه عرقلة التجارة بين أمريكا وروسيا، كما استهدفت الحملة مسبقا احتلال مصر، لقطع الطريق على إنجلترا ومستعمراتها في الهند.
- النتائج: أسفر قرار الحرب عن نتائج عكسية تماما فاقت كل توقعات بونابرت، بسبب الظروف الصعبة التي بات على الجنود مواجهتها في هذا المكان مقطوع المؤن والإمدادات، فلم يكن بونابرت ليتخيل أن شبكة الطرق الروسية وعرة، إلى هذه الدرجة التي تعيق توغله داخل البلاد.
- الخسائر: لم يعد سوى 100 ألف جندي من أصل 600 ألف جندي قد شاركوا في الغزو، ونتيجة لهذا القرار تراجع نفوذ الإمبراطورية الفرنسية في السنوات التي أعقبت هذه العملية.
الرسم البياني لخطة نابليون – غزو روسيا – مسار الجيش الفرنسي وحجمه واتجاهه – جغرافيا الأرض والوقت ودرجة الحرارة
متى احتل الاتحاد السوفيتي أفغانستان؟
- خلفية تاريخية: في عام 1979 كان جزءا كبيرا من صراع العالم يقع بين الولايات المتحدة وروسيا وحلفائهم، وقصة اتحاد كلا من الأطراف المنحازة إما إلى الكتلة الشيوعية أو الرأسمالية، وهو الصراع الذي سيحدد شكل العالم الذي نعرفه اليوم.
- الأحداث: وبينما كانت الحكومة الأفغانية مهددة في ذلك الوقت من قبل الثوار، قام القائد السوفيتي ليونيد بريزنيف بضخ ملايين الدولارات لدعم الحكومة وإجهاض الثورة.
- النتيجة: في المقابل كانت الثورة مدعومة من قبل الولايات المتحدة ومصر والسعودية، وتم مقاطعة دورة الألعاب الأوليمبية لعام 1980 في موسكو من قبل 65 دولة أخرى مشاركة.
- الخسائر: وبعد صراع استمر لعشر سنوات قرر الاتحاد السوفيتي أن ينسحب من الأراضي الأفغانية بعد فشل حماية المصالح الشيوعية بها.
الاتحاد السوفيتي يدخل أفغانستان – المصالح الشيوعية – الأفغان – الثوار
هل دخل هتلر الى موسكو؟
- خلفية تاريخية: في ألمانيا، خلال الحرب العالمية الثانية ومن بين جملة الأخطاء غير المحسوبة التي كان يرتكبها هتلر، حيث قام أيضا بشكل عشوائي منفرد بقرار التوجه إلى خطة غزو الأراضي الروسية، رغم معرفته عسكريا باستحالة الأمر، نظرا لتوقيت وظروف الغزو، والتوتر بين القادة داخل الحزب النازي.
- الأحداث: حقق التقدم النازي نجاحا في الأسبوع الأول، لكن سرعان ما تدارك الاتحاد السوفيتي هذه الخسائر، ويرجع السبب هنا إلى العدد المهيب للجيش السوفيتي والذي قدر بحوالي 30 مليون جندي، بالإضافة إلى ما توقعه الجميع في مواجهة أكبر دولة يوجد بها مساحات فارغة علاوة على طقوس الشتاء القاسية.
- وبسبب تشتت القوات الألمانية على أكثر من جبهة مقاتلة، لم يستطيع الجيش أن يرسل المزيد لتعزيز القوات في روسيا.
- النتائج: تمكن السوفيت من استغلال هذه العوامل لصالحهم عن طريق استنزاف الجيش الألماني الذي وجد نفسه محاصرا، ولم يكن أمامه حتى خيار العودة والانسحاب.
- فكان هذا القرار نقطة تحول كبرى في الحرب، انتهت بهزيمة ألمانيا.
![German_troops_in_Russia,_1941_-_NARA_-_540155](https://sp-ao.shortpixel.ai/client/to_webp,q_glossy,ret_img,w_633,h_462/http://ma3lomalk.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/German_troops_in_Russia_1941_-_NARA_-_540155-300x219.jpg)
برأيك من هو صاحب أغبى قرار عسكري في العالم؟
مواضيع متعلقة:
- تفسير رؤية اللباس العسكري في الحلم
- الفرق بين لائق (أ) ولائق (ب)
- خلفاء الدولة الأموية وأهم أعمالهم
المصادر:
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